Environmental Valuation & Cost-Benefit News
Environmental Policy as Social Policy? The Impact of Childhood Lead Exposure on Crime
10/23/07
10:41:05 am, by damageva 
, 202 words, 240 views 
Categories: Air, Contaminated Properties, U.S., Academic Study/Journal Article, Lead, Contamination Cost, Costs and Benefits
Environmental Policy as Social Policy? The Impact of Childhood Lead Exposure on Crime
Abstract: Childhood lead exposure can lead to psychological traits that are strongly associated with aggressive and criminal behavior. In the late 1970s in the United States, lead was removed from gasoline under the Clean Air Act. I use the state-specific reductions in lead exposure that resulted from this removal to identify the effect of childhood lead exposure on crime rates. The elasticity of violent crime with respect to childhood lead exposure is estimated to be 0.8, and this result is robust to numerous sensitivity tests. Mixed evidence supports an effect of lead exposure on murder rates, and little evidence indicates an effect of lead on property crime. Overall, I find that the reduction in childhood lead exposure in the late 1970s and early 1980s was responsible for significant declines in violent crime in the 1990s and may cause further declines in the future. Moreover, the social value of the reductions in violent crime far exceeds the cost of the removal of lead from gasoline.
by Jessica Wolpaw Reyes; Amherst College and NBER
The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy via The Berkeley Electronic Press www.bepress.com/bejeap
Vol. 7, Issue 1, Published October 17, 2007; Article 51.
http://www.bepress.com/bejeap/vol7/iss1/art51
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