Environmental Valuation & Cost-Benefit News
Archives for: March 2008, 11
03/11/08
02:45:59 pm, by damageva 
, 185 words, 213 views 
Categories: Air, Energy, U.S., Academic Study/Journal Article, Transportation, Costs and Benefits
High Gasoline Prices and Mortality From Motor Vehicle Crashes and Air Pollution
Abstract:
Objective: To estimate the effects of increasing gas prices on mortality.
Method: We developed a simulation-based partial equilibrium model that estimated the public health effects of a 20% rise in gas prices. Estimates on price elasticity for gasoline, price elasticity of motor vehicle crashes, relations among gasoline use, air pollution, and mortality were drawn from literature in economics, epidemiology, and medicine.
Results: For sustained 20% increases in gasoline prices over 1 year, and assuming other prices and factors were constant, we estimated: 1994 (range, 997 to 4984) fewer deaths from vehicle crashes and 600 (range, 300 to 1500) fewer deaths from air pollution. Combining both, we estimated 2594 fewer deaths. A Monte Carlo simulation involving varying assumptions on elasticities and relations indicated that 95% of the combined reduction in deaths was between 1747 and 3714.
Conclusion: Results suggest that high gas prices have public health implications.
by Paul J. Leigh, PhD; and Estella M. Geraghty, MD, MS, MPH
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine www.joem.org
Volume 50, Issue 3; March, 2008; pages 249-254
http://www.joem.org/pt/re/joem/abstract.00043764-200803000-00002.htm;jsessionid=HWKX5SsN2h1yX15Ffww6nhDX1C1Jkv9fNTYJQvQrKY3Nz3bTpd2D!1717287316!181195628!8091!-1
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Environmental Valuation & Cost-Benefit News
Environmental Valuation & Cost Benefit News covers legal, academic, and regulatory developments pertaining to the valuation of environmental amenities and disamenities, such as clean air, trees, parks, congestion, and noise. We apprise the reader about ways in which costs and benefits are measured, and the results of empirical studies. We hope that this information will allow public and private organizations to comprehend the risks and benefits of various actions, help disputants to resolve conflicts equitably and efficiently, and improve the quality of public policies. We will only discuss issues related to the empirical quantification of private and social costs and benefits and damages, and summarize information from daily newspapers, academic journals, legal publications, court decisions, professional newsletters commissioned studies, and on-line services. This newsletter is dedicated to the principal that all policies place values upon life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. We believe that more information, explicit specification of assumptions, and rigorous analysis can help our society to better meet these ends. This site will increasingly serve, in conjunction with others, as a valuation database. We will include a wide range of studies, including non-environmental reports, because omission of a factor effectively values it at zero, and biases decisions. Heavy traffic has caused several site crashes. We are attempting to correct these problems. Apologies for any inconvenience.
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Environmental Valuation & Cost-Benefit News
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